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版本：8.x

package.json

package.json 是套件的資訊清單檔。 它包含套件的所有中繼資料，包括相依性、標題、作者等。 這是適用於所有主流 Node.JS 的一種標準套件管理器 (包含 pnpm)。

engines​

您可以指定軟體執行的 Node 與 pnpm 版本：

{
    "engines": {
        "node": ">=10",
        "pnpm": ">=3"
    }
}

在本機開發期間，如果使用的版本與 engines 區塊中指定的版本不相符，pnpm 一定會失敗並顯示錯誤訊息。

除非使用者設定了 engine-strict 的設定旗標 (請參閱 .npmrc)，否則 此區塊僅供參考，並且只有在套件進行相依性安裝時產生警告訊息。

dependenciesMeta​

附加的中繼資料，用於 dependencies、optionalDependencies 及 devDependencies 中宣告的依附項目 (dependency)。

dependenciesMeta.*.injected​

如果將本地依賴套件設置為 true，這個套件將被硬鏈結至 node_modules 目錄，而非使用符號鏈結。

例如，以下工作區中的 package.json 將在 node_modules 目錄中的 card 建立一個 button 的符號鏈結：

{
  "name": "card",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0"
  }
}

但如果套件 button 有套件 react 在它的夥伴依賴套件之中？ 若 monorepo 中所有專案都使用相同版本的 react，那這樣不會有問題。 但若 card 的依賴套件 button 使用了 react@16，而 form 使用了 react@17？ 若不使用 inject，您必須選擇單一版本的 react，並將其作為 button 的依賴套件進行安裝。 But using the injected field you can inject button to a package, and button will be installed with the react version of that package.

這將是 card 的 package.json ：

{
  "name": "card",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0",
    "react": "16"
  },
  "dependenciesMeta": {
    "button": {
      "injected": true
    }
  }
}

button will be hard linked into the dependencies of card, and react@16 will be symlinked to the dependencies of card/node_modules/button.

而這將是 form 的 package.json ：

{
  "name": "form",
  "dependencies": {
    "button": "workspace:1.0.0",
    "react": "17"
  },
  "dependenciesMeta": {
    "button": {
      "injected": true
    }
  }
}

button will be hard linked into the dependencies of form, and react@17 will be symlinked to the dependencies of form/node_modules/button.

In contrast to normal dependencies, injected ones are not symlinked to the destination folder, so they are not updated automatically, e.g. after running the build script. To update the hard linked folder contents to the latest state of the dependency package folder, call pnpm i again.

Note that the button package must have any lifecycle script that runs on install in order for pnpm to detect the changes and update it. For example, the package can be rebuilt on install: "prepare": "pnpm run build". Any script would work, even a simple unrelated command without side effects, like this: "prepare": "pnpm root".

peerDependenciesMeta​

This field lists some extra information related to the dependencies listed in the peerDependencies field.

peerDependenciesMeta.*.optional​

If this is set to true, the selected peer dependency will be marked as optional by the package manager. Therefore, the consumer omitting it will no longer be reported as an error.

For example:

{
    "peerDependencies": {
        "foo": "1"
    },
    "peerDependenciesMeta": {
        "foo": {
            "optional": true
        },
        "bar": {
            "optional": true
        }
    }
}

Note that even though bar was not specified in peerDependencies, it is marked as optional. pnpm will therefore assume that any version of bar is fine. However, foo is optional, but only to the required version specification.

publishConfig​

It is possible to override some fields in the manifest before the package is packed. The following fields may be overridden:

To override a field, add the publish version of the field to publishConfig.

For instance, the following package.json:

{
    "name": "foo",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "main": "src/index.ts",
    "publishConfig": {
        "main": "lib/index.js",
        "typings": "lib/index.d.ts"
    }
}

Will be published as:

{
    "name": "foo",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "main": "lib/index.js",
    "typings": "lib/index.d.ts"
}

publishConfig.executableFiles​

By default, for portability reasons, no files except those listed in the bin field will be marked as executable in the resulting package archive. The executableFiles field lets you declare additional fields that must have the executable flag (+x) set even if they aren't directly accessible through the bin field.

{
  "publishConfig": {
    "executableFiles": [
      "./dist/shim.js"
    ]
  }
}

publishConfig.directory​

You also can use the field publishConfig.directory to customize the published subdirectory relative to the current package.json.

It is expected to have a modified version of the current package in the specified directory (usually using third party build tools).

In this example the "dist" folder must contain a package.json

{
  "name": "foo",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "publishConfig": {
    "directory": "dist"
  }
}

publishConfig.linkDirectory​

  • 預設值：true
  • 類型：Boolean

When set to true, the project will be symlinked from the publishConfig.directory location during local development.

For example:

{
  "name": "foo",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "publishConfig": {
    "directory": "dist"
    "linkDirectory": true
  }
}

pnpm.overrides​

This field allows you to instruct pnpm to override any dependency in the dependency graph. This is useful to enforce all your packages to use a single version of a dependency, backport a fix, or replace a dependency with a fork.

Note that the overrides field can only be set at the root of the project.

An example of the "pnpm"."overrides" field:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "foo": "^1.0.0",
      "quux": "npm:@myorg/quux@^1.0.0",
      "bar@^2.1.0": "3.0.0",
      "qar@1>zoo": "2"
    }
  }
}

You may specify the package the overriden dependency belongs to by separating the package selector from the dependency selector with a ">", for example qar@1>zoo will only override the zoo dependency of qar@1, not for any other dependencies.

An override may be defined as a reference to a direct dependency's spec. This is achieved by prefixing the name of the dependency with a $:

{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "foo": "$foo"
    }
  }
}

The referenced package does not need to match the overridden one:

{
  "dependencies": {
    "foo": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "pnpm": {
    "overrides": {
      "bar": "$foo"
    }
  }  
}

pnpm.packageExtensions​

The packageExtensions fields offer a way to extend the existing package definitions with additional information. For example, if react-redux should have react-dom in its peerDependencies but it has not, it is possible to patch react-redux using packageExtensions:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "react-redux": {
        "peerDependencies": {
          "react-dom": "*"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

The keys in packageExtensions are package names or package names and semver ranges, so it is possible to patch only some versions of a package:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "react-redux@1": {
        "peerDependencies": {
          "react-dom": "*"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

The following fields may be extended using packageExtensions: dependencies, optionalDependencies, peerDependencies, and peerDependenciesMeta.

A bigger example:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "packageExtensions": {
      "express@1": {
        "optionalDependencies": {
          "typescript": "2"
        }
      },
      "fork-ts-checker-webpack-plugin": {
        "dependencies": {
          "@babel/core": "1"
        },
        "peerDependencies": {
          "eslint": ">= 6"
        },
        "peerDependenciesMeta": {
          "eslint": {
            "optional": true
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
提示

Together with Yarn, we maintain a database of packageExtensions to patch broken packages in the ecosystem. If you use packageExtensions, consider sending a PR upstream and contributing your extension to the @yarnpkg/extensions database.

pnpm.peerDependencyRules​

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.ignoreMissing​

pnpm will not print warnings about missing peer dependencies from this list.

For instance, with the following configuration, pnpm will not print warnings if a dependency needs react but react is not installed:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "ignoreMissing": ["react"]
    }
  }
}

Package name patterns may also be used:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "ignoreMissing": ["@babel/*", "@eslint/*"]
    }
  }
}

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.allowedVersions​

Unmet peer dependency warnings will not be printed for peer dependencies of the specified range.

For instance, if you have some dependencies that need react@16 but you know that they work fine with react@17, then you may use the following configuration:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowedVersions": {
        "react": "17"
      }
    }
  }
}

This will tell pnpm that any dependency that has react in its peer dependencies should allow react v17 to be installed.

It is also possible to suppress the warnings only for peer dependencies of specific packages. For instance, with the following configuration react v17 will be only allowed when it is in the peer dependencies of the button v2 package or in the dependencies of any card package:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowedVersions": {
        "button@2>react": "17",
        "card>react": "17"
      }
    }
  }
}

pnpm.peerDependencyRules.allowAny​

allowAny is an array of package name patterns, any peer dependency matching the pattern will be resolved from any version, regardless of the range specified in peerDependencies. For instance:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "peerDependencyRules": {
      "allowAny": ["@babel/*", "eslint"]
    }
  }
}

The above setting will mute any warnings about peer dependency version mismatches related to @babel/ packages or eslint.

pnpm.neverBuiltDependencies​

This field allows to ignore the builds of specific dependencies. The "preinstall", "install", and "postinstall" scripts of the listed packages will not be executed during installation.

An example of the "pnpm"."neverBuiltDependencies" field:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "neverBuiltDependencies": ["fsevents", "level"]
  }
}

pnpm.onlyBuiltDependencies​

A list of package names that are allowed to be executed during installation. If this field exists, only the listed packages will be able to run install scripts.

例如：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "onlyBuiltDependencies": ["fsevents"]
  }
}

pnpm.allowedDeprecatedVersions​

This setting allows muting deprecation warnings of specific packages.

例如：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "allowedDeprecatedVersions": {
      "express": "1",
      "request": "*"
    }
  }
}

With the above configuration pnpm will not print deprecation warnings about any version of request and about v1 of express.

pnpm.patchedDependencies​

This field is added/updated automatically when you run pnpm patch-commit. It is a dictionary where the key should be the package name and exact version. The value should be a relative path to a patch file.

例如：

{
  "pnpm": {
    "patchedDependencies": {
      "express@4.18.1": "patches/express@4.18.1.patch"
    }
  }
}

pnpm.allowNonAppliedPatches​

When true, installation won't fail if some of the patches from the patchedDependencies field were not applied.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "patchedDependencies": {
      "express@4.18.1": "patches/express@4.18.1.patch"
    }
    "allowNonAppliedPatches": true
}

pnpm.updateConfig​

pnpm.updateConfig.ignoreDependencies​

Sometimes you can't update a dependency. For instance, the latest version of the dependency started to use ESM but your project is not yet in ESM. Annoyingly, such a package will be always printed out by the pnpm outdated command and updated, when running pnpm update --latest. However, you may list packages that you don't want to upgrade in the ignoreDependencies field:

{
  "pnpm": {
    "updateConfig": {
      "ignoreDependencies": ["load-json-file"]
    }
  }
}

Patterns are also supported, so you may ignore any packages from a scope: @babel/*.

pnpm.auditConfig​

pnpm.auditConfig.ignoreCves​

A list of CVE IDs that will be ignored by the pnpm audit command.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "auditConfig": {
      "ignoreCves": [
        "CVE-2022-36313"
      ]
    }
  }
}

pnpm.requiredScripts​

Scripts listed in this array will be required in each project of the workspace. Otherwise, pnpm -r run <script name> will fail.

{
  "pnpm": {
    "requiredScripts": ["build"]
  }
}

resolutions​

Same as pnpm.overrides. We read it for easier migration from Yarn.