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版本：8.x

Working with Docker

注意

在构建期间，不可能在 Docker 容器和主机文件系统之间创建引用链接或硬链接。 您可以做的下一个最佳操作是使用 BuildKit 缓存挂载在构建之间共享缓存。 或者，您可以使用 podman ，因为它可以在构建期间挂载 Btrfs 卷。

最小化 Docker 映像大小和构建时间​

  • 使用小图像，例如 node:XX-slim。
  • Leverage multi-stage if possible and makes sense.
  • Leverage BuildKit cache mounts.

示例 1：在 Docker 容器中构建捆绑包​

由于 devDependency 仅用于构建捆绑包，因此 pnpm install --prod 将成为独立于 pnpm install 和 pnpm run build 阶段，允许最后阶段仅复制早期 的必要文件阶段，最小化最终图像的尺寸。

.dockerignore
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
Dockerfile
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app

FROM base AS prod-deps
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --prod --frozen-lockfile

FROM base AS build
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run build

FROM base
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/dist /app/dist
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

示例 2：在单存储库中构建多个 Docker 映像​

假设您有一个包含 3 个软件包的单存储库：app1、app2 和 common，app1 和 app2 依赖于公共，但彼此不依赖。

Structure of the monorepo
./
├── Dockerfile
├── .dockerignore
├── .gitignore
├── packages/
│   ├── app1/
│   │   ├── dist/
│   │   ├── package.json
│   │   ├── src/
│   │   └── tsconfig.json
│   ├── app2/
│   │   ├── dist/
│   │   ├── package.json
│   │   ├── src/
│   │   └── tsconfig.json
│   └── common/
│       ├── dist/
│       ├── package.json
│       ├── src/
│       └── tsconfig.json
├── pnpm-lock.yaml
├── pnpm-workspace.yaml
└── tsconfig.json
pnpm-workspace.yaml
packages:
  - 'packages/*'
.dockerignore
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
Dockerfile
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app

FROM base AS prod-deps
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --prod --frozen-lockfile

FROM base AS build
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run -r build

FROM base AS common
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/packages/common/node_modules/ /app/packages/common/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/packages/common/dist /app/packages/common/dist

FROM common AS app1
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/packages/app1/node_modules/ /app/packages/app1/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/packages/app1/dist /app/packages/app1/dist
WORKDIR /app/packages/app1
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

FROM common AS app2
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/packages/app2/node_modules/ /app/packages/app2/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/packages/app2/dist /app/packages/app2/dist
WORKDIR /app/packages/app2
EXPOSE 8001
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

运行以下命令为 app1 和 app2 构建映像：

docker build . --target app1 --tag app1:latest
docker build . --target app2 --tag app2:latest